Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County:
"Being Taken In."  Mark Twain

Hutchinson, Stuart.  "Language" in Harold Bloom, ed. Mark Twain, Bloom's Major Short Story Writers. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 1998.

Emerson, Everett. "Victimization of Smiley and the Narrator" in Harold Bloom, ed. Mark Twain, Bloom's Major Short Story Writers. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 1998.

Rasmussen, R. Kent. "'The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County'." Critical Companion to Mark Twain: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work, Critical Companion. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2007.


Davis, John H. "'The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County'." In Rasmussen, R. Kent. Critical Companion to Mark Twain: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work, Critical Companion. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2007

Werlock, Abby H. P. "'The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County'." The Facts On File Companion to the American Short Story, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2009.

Zaid, Rhona E. "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" Masterplots II: Short Story Series.
Kerley, Gary. "Survival in 'The Outcasts of Poker Flat'." McClinton-Temple, Jennifer ed. Encyclopedia of Themes in Literature. New York: Infobase Publishing, 2011

Werlock, Abby H. P. "'The Outcasts of Poker Flat'." The Facts On File Companion to the American Short Story, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2009.

Schraufnagel, Noel.  "The Outcasts of Poker Flat."  Masterplots II: Short Story Series:

Franks, Carol.  "Bret Harte." Magill's Survey of American Literature.

Folsom, James K. "Bret Harte."  Critical Survey of Short Fiction.
The Outcasts of Poker Flat:
D'Ammassa, Don. "'To Build a Fire'." Encyclopedia of Adventure Fiction. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2008.

Mellard, James M. ""Dramatic Structure and Mythical Overtones" in Harold Bloom, ed. Jack London, Bloom's Major Short Story Writers. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 2001.

Findley, Sue. "Nature as the Protagonist" in Harold Bloom, ed. Jack London, Bloom's Major Short Story Writers. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 2001.

May, Charles E. "The Simplicity of the Narrative" in Harold Bloom, ed. Jack London, Bloom's Major Short Story Writers. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 2001.

Hendricks, King."The Plot" in Harold Bloom, ed. Jack London, Bloom's Major Short Story Writers. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 2001. (Updated 2007.)

Mitchell, Lee Clark.  "Repetition" in Harold Bloom, ed. Jack London, Bloom's Major Short Story Writers. Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishing, 2001.

Welsh, James M. "To Build a Fire." Masterplots II: Short Story Series.
To Build a Fire:
Wagner Matinee:
April Showers:
An Episode of War:
Werlock, Abby H. P. "'A Wagner Matinée'." The Facts On File Companion to the American Short Story, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2009.

Campion, Edmund J. "Cather, Willa." Great American Writers. Marshall Cavendish Digital, 2012. Web. 04 January 2012

Lorenz, Janet. "Willa Cather." Magill's Survey of American Literature.  (Look closely at the analysis section.)

Woodress, James. "Willa Cather." DISCovering Authors. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003.

"Overview of Willa Sibert Cather." DISCovering Authors. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003.

Werlock, Abby H. P. "'April Showers'." The Facts On File Companion to the American Short Story, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2009.

Bader, Philip. "Wharton, Edith." Great American Writers. Marshall Cavendish Digital, 2012. Web. 04 January 2012

DelFattore, Joan.  "Edith Wharton."  Critical Survey of Short Fiction. (Look closely at the anaylsis section.)

Davis, Mary Virgina.  "Edith Wharton."  Magill's Survey of American Literature.

"Wharton, Edith (Newbold Jones) (1862-1937)." DISCovering Authors. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003.

"Overview of Edith (Newbold Jones) Wharton." DISCovering Authors. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003.

Ravitz, Abe C. "An Episode of War."  Masterplots II: Short Story Series

Feast, James.  "Stephen Crane."  Critical Survey of Short Fiction.

Moses, Edwin.   "Stephen Crane."  Magill's Survey of American Literature.


Hoffman, Michael J. "From Realism to Naturalism." DISCovering Authors. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003.

Walcutt., Charles Child. "Stephen Crane: Naturalist and Impressionist." DISCovering Authors. Online ed. Detroit: Gale, 2003.
The "isms":
Quinn, Edward.  "Realism." A Dictionary of Literary and Thematic Terms, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006.

Quinn, Edward.  "Naturalism." A Dictionary of Literary and Thematic Terms, Second Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006.

Anderson, George P., Judith S. Baughman, Matthew J. Bruccoli, and Carl Rollyson, eds."regionalism." Encyclopedia of American Literature: Into the Modern: 1896-1945, vol. 3, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2008.

Kasraie, Mary Rose. "local color." In Barney, Brett, and Lisa Paddock, eds. Encyclopedia of American Literature: The Age of Romanticism and Realism, 1816-1895, vol. 2, Revised Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2008.
Short Story Criticism @ Your Library